Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
Volume 38, Issue 4 , Pages 156-169 , July 2009

Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Potential Pitfalls and Artifacts

  • Xia Wang, MD
  • ,
  • Spencer Koch, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Spencer Koch, MD, Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202-2689

References 

  1. Strauss GJ. Fluorine-18 deoxyglucose and false-positive results: A major problem in the diagnostics of oncological patients. Eur J Nucl Med. 1996;23:1409–1415
  2. Dosda R, Martí-Bonmatí L, Ronchera-Oms CL, et al. Effect of subcutaneous butylscopolamine administration in the reduction of peristaltic artifacts in 1.5-T MR fast abdominal examinations. Eur Radiol. 2003;13:294–298
  3. Fenlon HM, Nunes DP, Schroy PC, et al. A comparison of virtual and conventional colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal polyps. N Engl J Med. 1999;342:1496–1503
  4. Israel O, Yefremov N, Bar-Shalom R, et al. PET/CT detection of unexpected gastrointestinal foci of 18F-FDG uptake: Incidence, localization patterns, and clinical significance. J Nucl Med. 2005;46:758–762
  5. Shreve PD, Anzai Y, Wahl RL. Pitfalls in oncologic diagnosis with FDG PET imaging: physiologic and benign variants. Radiographics. 1999;19:61–77
  6. Kostakoglu L, Hardoff R, Mirtcheva R, et al. PET-CT Fusion imaging in differentiating physiologic from pathologic FDG uptake. Radiographics. 2004;24:1411–1431
  7. Poole DC, Kindig CA, Behnke BJ. Effects of emphysema on diaphragm microvascular oxygen pressure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:1081–1086
  8. Cohade C, Wahl RL. Applications of positron emission tomography/computed tomography image fusion in clinical positron emission tomography—Clinical use, interpretation methods, diagnostic improvements. Semin Nucl Med. 2003;33:228–237
  9. Kim EE. Whole-body positron emission tomography and positron emission tomography/computed tomography in gynecologic oncology. Intl J Gynecolog Cancer. 2004;14:12–22
  10. Antoch G, Freudenberg LS, Egelhof T, et al. Focal tracer uptake: A potential artifact in contrast-enhanced dual-modality PET/CT Scans. J Nucl Med. 2002;43:1339–1342
  11. Bujenovic S, Mannting F, Chakrabarti R, et al. Artifactual 2-deoxy-2-(18) F-fluoro-D-glucose localization surrounding metallic objects in a PET/CT scanner using CT-based attenuation correction. Mol Imaging Biol. 2003;5:20–22
  12. Wahl RL. Why nearly all PET of abdominal and pelvic cancers will be performed as PET/CT. J Nuclear Med. 2004;45(suppl):82S–95S
  13. Nehmeh SA, Erdi YE, Kalaigian H, et al. Correction for oral contrast artifacts in CT attenuation-corrected PET images obtained by combined PET/CT. J Nucl Med. 2003;44:1940–1944
  14. Himms-Hagen J. Brown adipose tissue thermogenesis: interdisciplinary studies. FASEB J. 1990;4:2890–2898
  15. Barrington SF, Maisey MN. Skeletal muscle uptake of fluorine-18-FDG: Effect of oral diazepam. J Nucl Med. 1996;37:1127–1129
  16. Alessio AM, Kinahan PE, Cheng PM, et al. PET/CT scanner instrumentation, challenges, and solution. Radiol Clin North Am. 2004;42:1017–1032
  17. Gianoukakis AG, Karam M, Cheema A, et al. Autonomous thyroid nodules visualized by positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose: A case report and review of the literature. Thyroid. 2003;13:395–399
  18. Boerner AR, Voth E, Theissen P, et al. Glucose metabolism of the thyroid in Graves' disease measured by F-18-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography. Thyroid. 1998;8:765–772
  19. Uematsu H, Sadato N, Ohtsubo T, et al. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET versus thallium-201 scintigraphy evaluation of thyroid tumors. J Nucl Med. 1998;39:453–459
  20. Kresnik E, Gallowitsch HJ, Mikosch P, et al. Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron tomography in the preoperative assessment of thyroid nodules in an endemic goiter area. Surgery. 2003;133:294–299
  21. Patel PM, Alibazoglu H, Ali A, et al. Normal thymic uptake of FDG on PET imaging. Clin Nucl Med. 1996;21:772–775
  22. Kawano T, Suzuki A, Ishida A, et al. The clinical relevance of thymic fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in pediatric patients after chemotherapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2004;31:831–836
  23. Nakahara T, Fujii H, Ide M, et al. FDG uptake in the morphologically normal thymus: Comparison of FDG positron emission tomography and CT. Br J Radiol. 2001;74:821–824
  24. Alibazoglu H, Alibazoglu B, Hollinger E, et al. Normal thymic uptake of 2-deoxy-2[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose. Clin Nucl Med. 1999;24:597–600
  25. Brink I, Reinhardt MJ, Hoegerle S, et al. Increased metabolic activity in the thymus gland studied with 18F-FDG PET: Age dependency and frequency after chemotherapy. J Nucl Med. 2001;42:591–595
  26. Yun M, Kim W, Alnafisi N, et al. 18F-FDG PET in characterizing adrenal lesions detected on CT or MRI. J Nucl Med. 2001;42:1795–1799
  27. Kumar R, Xiu Y, Yu JQ, et al. 18F-FDG PET in evaluation of adrenal lesion in patients with lung cancer. J Nucl Med. 2004;45:2058–2062
  28. Boland GW, Goldberg MA, Lee MJ, et al. Indeterminate adrenal mass in patients with cancer: evaluation at PET with 2-[F-18]-fluoro-2deoxy-D-glucose. Radiology. 1995;194:131–134
  29. Metser U, Miller E, Lerman H, et al. 18F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of adrenal masses. J Nucl Med. 2006;47:32–37
  30. Shulkin BL, Thompson NW, Shapiro B, et al. Pheochromocytomas: Imaging with 2-[Fluroine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET. Radiology. 1999;212:35–41
  31. Erasmus JJ, Patz ER, McAdams HP, et al. Evaluation of adrenal masses in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. AJR. 1997;168:1357–1360
  32. Fenchel S, Grab D, Nuessle K, et al. Asymptomatic adnexal masses: Correlation of FDG PET and histopathologic findings. Radiology. 2002;223:780–788
  33. Grab D, Flock F, Stöhr I, et al. Classification of asymptomatic adnexal masses by ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. Gynecol Oncol. 2000;77:454–459
  34. Love C, Tomas MB, Tronce GG, et al. FDG PET of infection and inflammation. Radiographics. 2005;25:1357–1368
  35. Yen RF, Chen YC, Wu YW, et al. Using 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in detecting infectious endocarditis/endoarteritis: A preliminary report. Acad Radiol. 2004;11:316–321
  36. Meller J, Altenvoerde G, Munzel U, et al. Fever of unknown origin: Prospective comparison of 18F-FDG imaging with a double-head coincidence camera and gallium-67 citrate SPET. Eur J Nucl Med. 2000;27:1617–1625
  37. Bleeker-Rovers CP, de Kleijn EMHA, Corstens FHM, et al. Clinical value of FDG PET in patients with fever of unknown origin and patients suspected of focal infection or inflammation. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2004;31:29–37
  38. Henry G, Garner WL. Inflammatory mediators in wound healing. Surg Clin North Am. 2003;83:483–507
  39. Kim EE, Chung SK, Haynie TP, et al. Differentiation of residual or recurrent tumors from post-treatment changes with F-18 FDG PET. Radiographics. 1992;12:269–279
  40. Greven KM, Williams DW, Keyes JW, et al. Positron emission tomography of patients with head and neck carcinoma before and after high dose irradiation. Cancer. 1994;74:1355–1359
  41. Nakayama Y, Makino S, Fukuda Y, et al. Activation of lavage lymphocytes in lung injuries caused by radiotherapy for lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996;32:459–467
  42. Kobori O, Kirihara Y, Kosaka N, et al. Positron emission tomography of esophageal carcinoma using (11)C-choline and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose: A novel method of preoperative lymph node staging. Cancer. 1999;86:1638–1648
  43. Flanagan FL, Dehdashti F, Ogunbiyi OA, et al. Utility of FDG-PET for investigating unexplained plasma CEA elevation in patients with colorectal cancer. Ann Surg. 1998;227:319–323
  44. Shon IH, O'Doherty MJ, Maisey MN. Positron emission tomography in lung cancer. Semin Nucl Med. 2002;32:240–271

PII: S0363-0188(08)00002-9

doi: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2008.01.001

Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
Volume 38, Issue 4 , Pages 156-169 , July 2009